Unified Force Theory
Sven Gelbhaar
20 February 2009 – 22 February 2009
It is thought, according to the Standard Model of particle physics, that
strong nuclear force holds the like-electrically-charged particles together
in the nuclei of atoms. (1) Furthermore, it is thought that there exists
a second force, called the weak nuclear force, that is responsible for the
spontaneous transformation of a proton into a neutron and vice versa. (2)
As Leonard Bruce Begy points out at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category_talk:Atomic_physics, it is
nonsensical to assume that two supposedly fundamental forces of nature are
confined to the nuclei of atoms, and so we must develop a new model of
atomic theory that explains what the current Standard Model does; namely,
what maintains the nuclei of atoms with more than one proton, and what is a
neutron, while not making the arbitrary distinction of where in the
universe it has jurisdiction.
In previous papers I have shown how electric force accounts for both
magnetism (The Electro-Magnetic Connection: Magnetism as an Emergent
Function of Electric Force, 24 October 2008) and gravity (Atomic Theory of
Gravity, 16 November 2008). To quickly summarize these papers: electric
attraction in the configuration of negatively charged electrons orbiting
positively charged protons causes the strong magnetic attraction between
certain materials, and the weaker attraction of most material.
Now let us account for strong and weak nuclear force. Strong nuclear force
is said to be responsible for keeping the otherwise (self-)repulsive
positively charged protons together in the nucleus of an atom. Weak
nuclear force is speculated to be the underlying mechanism of the
conversion of protons to neutrons and back again.
Let us examine all of the parts that comprise the atom. We have negatively
charged (tiny) electrons, positively charged (larger) protons, and
mysteriously neutral (larger still) neutrons. We know that unlike charges
attract one another, and so it isn’t much of a stretch to imagine that
negatively charged electrons will eventually join with positively charged
protons. What happens at this point is the creation of a net-neutrally
charged neutron. It comes as no surprise at all that neutrons have more
mass than both protons and electrons. I postulate that electrons will
latch on to different parts of protons, while seeking to maximize the
distance between other electrons on the surface of protons.
For those already familiar with biological chemistry, the answer to how
multiple protons can be bound together in a nucleus is obvious. The
neutron, as described above, is a polar particle: meaning that is has a
central positive charge with little negatively charged electrons scattered
over its surface. These clumps of electrons on the exterior of the proton
would then serve as junction points for other protons to latch on to, and
in this manner the nuclei of larger elements can be formed. It is no
wonder that all elements with an atomic number (number of protons) greater
than one have at least one neutron. This model of atomic physics is much
more elegant than supposing there exists a now-superfluous fundamental
force of nature, and so we can rightly discard the notion that strong
nuclear force exists.
This leaves only the weak nuclear force still to be contended with. We’ve
already touched upon this briefly, but let’s recap it again for clarity.
Unlike charges attract, and as such electrons will naturally gravitate (if
you’ll pardon the expression) toward protons until eventually they merge to
form a neutron. Now we’re left wondering why neutrons don’t seem to last
very long outside the scope of atomic nuclei. I posit that when the
electrons link two protons together, they are locked into place as well.
The two (larger and more powerful) protons will cement the electrons into
place, and this allows a greater number of electrons to be added to the
‘neutron’ than a lone proton could otherwise support due to the electric
repulsion of electron-to-electron on the surface. Naturally then, when the
neutron is released from the nucleus; in other words when the proton cage
is opened, the surface of the lone proton is over-crowded with electrons
who push each other away, leaving what for all intents and purposes is a
net positive particle that we call a proton.
The reader will hopefully concede that the argument above unifies all of
fundamental forces of nature, assuming only that unlike charges attract,
like charges repel, and that electrons have negative charge and protons
have a positive charge.
References
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_nuclear_force retrieved: 20 Feb
2009 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_nuclear_force retrieved: 20
Feb 2009